Manuela Tavares
Field of expertise: Women’s Studies; History of Portuguese feminist movements (2nd half of XXth century)
Short bio: Manuela Tavares is a researcher at the Studies of Migration and Intercultural Relations Center at the Universidade Aberta in Lisbon. She holds a Ph.D in Women’s Studies (2009) with the thesis “Feminisms in Portugal: 1947-2007” and a Master’s Degree in Women’s Studies “Women’s Movements in Portugal: decades 70 and 80” – both degrees from the Universidade Aberta.
Promoter member of the Comission for the Evocatory Seminar of the First Feminist and Education Congress (1924-2004) and for the Feminist Congress (2008).
Several publication of articles on scientific magazines.
Guilding of master’s degrees and academic stages.
She is author of “Abortion and Contraception in Portugal” (2003), Lisboa, Livros Horizonte and “Women’s Movements in Portugal: decades 70 and 80” (2000), Lisboa, Livros Horizonte and co-editor with Lígia Amâncio, Teresa Joaquim, Teresa Almeida of “The long women’s path: feminisms 80 years later” (2007), Lisboa, D. Quixote.

Maria José de Sousa Magalhães
Field of expertise: Gender and Education, Portuguese Feminist Movement, Gender Violence
Short bio: Maria José Magalhães is an Assistant Professor and Researcher at the Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences of the University of Porto since 1995. She holds a Ph.D. from the Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences of the University of Porto (2005) with the thesis Women, Spaces and Changes: Thinking and Doing in the Education of New Generations and a Master Dissertation (1995) from the same universityuntitled Feminist Movement and Education, Portugal Decades 1970 and 1980.
Currently she is the President of the Portuguese feminist NGO UMAR – Women’s Association Alternative and Response andshe the is coordinator of the “ Project Love, Fear and Power” financed by the Foundation for Science and Technology – FCT (2009-2011), the project aims to evaluate the social responses given in Portugal to victims of Gender Violence. Maria José Magalhães has published several books and articles in cooperation with other specialists in the field of Feminisms, Historical Gender Studies, Gender Equality and Education and Gender Violence. Her latest international scientific article is “Ten Years of APEM: Exploring the Voices, Signifying the Trajectories”, in Waaldijk, Berteke, Peters, Mischa, van der Tuin, Else (2009) The Making of European Women’s Studies, ATHENA, Vol IX, U niversiteit Utrecht, pp 137-141.

Anne Cova
Field of expertise: Women’s History in the 20th Century (France and Portugal)
Short bio: Anne Cova is a Researcher at the Institute of Social Sciences of the University of Lisbon (ICS-UL). She holds a Ph.D. in History from the European University Institute of Florence (1994). She has been Visiting Scholar at Stanford, Princeton and California-Berkeley Universities. Since 2006, she is the scientific director of the Social History Archives of the ICS-UL and vice president of the Portuguese Association for Research in Women’s History (APIHM), affiliated to the International Federation for Research in Women’s History (IFRWH).
She is the author of Maternité et Droits des femmes en France, XIX-XXe siècles, Paris, Anthropos-Economica, 1997; “Au service de l’Eglise, de la famille et de la Patrie”. Femmes catholiques et maternité sous la IIIe République, Paris, L’Harmattan, 2000; co-editor, with Gisela Bock, of Writing Women’s History in Southern Europe, 19th-20th Centuries, Oeiras, Celta, 2003 and editor of Comparative Women’s History: New Approaches, Boulder and New York, Social Science Monographs/Columbia University Press, 2006.
She is currently working on the “Conseil national des femmes françaises under the Third Republic” and on a comparative research project on this latest feminist federation and its Italian and Portuguese counterparts during the first half of the twentieth century.

Maria Antónia Fiadeiro
Field of expertise: Women’s Studies
Short bio: Maria Antónia Fiadeiro was born in Lisbon in 1942. In 1964, following the Student Crisis of 1967, she left to exile (Alger, Paris, São Paulo). She holds a License degree in Philosophy (1972 – University of São Paulo, Brazil) and a Master’s degree in Women’s Studies (1999 – Universidade Aberta, Lisboa, Portugal). She is a researcher at Universidade Aberta’s CEMRI (Migrations and International Relations Studies Centre) where she worked on the research projects on citizenship and biographies of women.
She’s a representative of the National Coordination of Women at the European Coordination of Women. She’s a public servant in the area of Culture since 1980, having been appointed, on several occasions, representative for interoffice projects on women’s rights, having worked with the CCF now CIG, a consultative body in the Portuguese government’s structure.
Having written on the history of feminism in Portugal, she is most notorious for her 1983 landmark book on abortion rights. “Abortion: the crime is in the law”.
In 1987 she attended the World Congress of Women, in Moscow, as part of the Portuguese delegation. In 1986 she was one of the founders of LDM (Women’s Rights League), being elected president. In 1978 she was director of the Portuguese Family Planning Association’s newsletter and a member of the board from 1977 to 1982.

Selection

Report on the selection process by the Portuguese FRAGEN team

Each expert selected the texts they thought the better according to the criteria established by the Fragen Project. Anne Cova selected ten texts, Manuela Tavares eleven texts, Maria Antónia Fiadeiro six texts although she agreed with others from the Anne Cova’s list. Maria José Magalhães selected fourteen documents.

In the first meeting they all did agree with three texts that they had selected in their own lists. In the second meeting they discussed the most influential documents according to the history of the feminist movements in Portugal. As Radical Feminism had an important role to the struggle for new abortion and contraception laws, as well as violence against women and lesbianism, the experts decided to include documents that could express the main goals of this current of feminism. However, the experts tried to select other documents from socialist feminism and individual feminists as Elina Guimarães, who was a member the Women’s National Council and who had participated in the first academic seminars about women’s rights in the late 1960’s (still in a dictatorship regime). The experts included two documents about gender violence (1981 and 2008), two documents about the struggle for abortion and contraception rights (1975 and 1979), one document about working women (1979), one of the first documents about lesbianism (1985), a document about the famous first feminist demonstration after the 1974’s Democratic Revolution (1975) and two manifests: the first feminist manifest from MLM – Women’s Liberation Movement (1975) and the most recent Portuguese feminist manifest from UMAR (2009) which represent the intersection of discriminations as gender, race, ethnicity, sexual orientation and citizenship status. The main areas of this manifest are political participation, employment, gender violence, education, migrant women, lesbian rights, trafficking in women, prostitution, female genital mutilation, health and reproductive rights.

The final list and the expert’s lists are organized chronologically.